59.
The answer is: B
Explanation
The correct option is B: Amartya Sen.
Amartya Sen is a Nobel Prize-winning economist and philosopher who has proposed a theory of justice that focuses on reducing all forms of injustice rather than defining what justice is. Sen argues that justice is not a matter of finding the ideal set of principles or institutions, but of identifying and eliminating the sources of injustice, such as poverty, oppression, discrimination, violence, and corruption. Sen calls his approach "realization-focused comparison", which means comparing the actual situations and outcomes of different people and groups, and assessing how they can be improved by removing the barriers and constraints that prevent them from achieving their potential. Sen criticizes the dominant theories of justice, such as those of John Rawls and Ronald Dworkin, for being too abstract, idealized, and detached from the realities and diversities of human societies. Sen advocates for a more pluralistic, contextual, and pragmatic conception of justice that takes into account the values, preferences, and capabilities of the people involved.