PPSC Excise and Taxation Inspector 2018 Question Paper

Answer: C - If one's Property is forcefully occupied by the other

Explanation:

A case involving forceful occupation of property is an ordinary civil/criminal dispute between private parties. It must be filed in lower courts first (Civil Court → High Court → Supreme Court on appeal). It cannot be filed directly in the Supreme Court.

Why other options CAN be filed directly in Supreme Court:

• Disputes between two or more States : Article 131 - Original Jurisdiction, Yes, directly
• Encroachment on Fundamental Rights : Article 32 - Right to Constitutional Remedies Yes, directly
• Property forcefully occupied : Ordinary civil dispute - No, lower courts first

Supreme Court's jurisdiction - must know:

Original Jurisdiction (Article 131):

• Centre vs State disputes
• State vs State disputes
• Filed directly in SC

Writ Jurisdiction (Article 32):

• Fundamental Rights violations
• Can directly approach SC
• Dr. Ambedkar called Article 32 the "Heart and Soul of the Constitution"

Appellate Jurisdiction:

• Appeals from High Courts
• Not direct filing

Advisory Jurisdiction (Article 143):

• President seeks SC's opinion
• Critical distinction:

Article 32 (SC) vs Article 226 (HC) - Both can issue writs for Fundamental Rights but Article 226 has wider scope covering legal rights beyond just Fundamental Rights.