Explanation
Among the options provided, the most energy-efficient choice is (c) Compact fluorescent lamp (CFL).
Incandescent bulbs (option a) are known for their low energy efficiency. They produce light by heating a filament inside the bulb, which consumes a significant amount of energy. Incandescent bulbs are inefficient because a large portion of the energy is converted into heat rather than light.
Fluorescent tube lights (option b) are more energy-efficient compared to incandescent bulbs. They work by passing an electric current through a gas, which then produces ultraviolet light that interacts with a phosphor coating inside the tube to generate visible light. Fluorescent tube lights use less energy to produce the same amount of light as incandescent bulbs.
Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) (option c) are an even more energy-efficient alternative. They are essentially miniaturized versions of fluorescent tube lights and are designed for use in regular light fixtures. CFLs consume less energy than both incandescent bulbs and fluorescent tube lights to produce the same amount of light.
Sodium lamps (option d), also known as high-pressure sodium lamps, are a type of high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp. While they are efficient at producing light, sodium lamps are primarily used for outdoor lighting applications such as streetlights and security lighting, rather than general household lighting.
Therefore, the most energy-efficient option among the provided choices is (c) Compact fluorescent lamp (CFL).
